Valuasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan: Kebijakan Lingkungan dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Abstract
Natural resources and the environment hold crucial roles in sustaining economic development and human well-being. However, conventional development models often ignore the ecological and social costs of resource exploitation. This study aims to evaluate the environmental and natural resource valuation mechanisms and assess the alignment between environmental policy and sustainable development principles in Indonesia. Using a mixed-method approach, quantitative data were obtained through surveys distributed to 300 respondents in three resource-rich regions (mining, forestry, and coastal zones), while qualitative data were gathered from interviews with local policymakers, environmental NGOs, and community leaders. The study reveals that while economic valuation tools such as Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) are sporadically applied, their integration into policy-making remains weak. Furthermore, environmental policies tend to be reactive rather than preventive. There is a lack of synergy between national regulations and local ecological contexts. The study recommends institutionalizing environmental valuation tools in regional development planning and strengthening multi-stakeholder policy formulation. These findings underscore the urgency of reconfiguring environmental governance to be more inclusive, evidence-based, and sustainability-oriented.
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