Metodologi Studi Islam: Islam sebagai Sasaran Studi Normativitas dan Historitas

Abstract

The methodological study of Islam has long been dominated by normative approaches focusing on theological doctrines and legal structures. However, contemporary scholarship increasingly recognizes the importance of integrating historical and socio-anthropological methods to understand the lived experiences and contextual dynamics of Muslim societies. This study explores the methodological dualism between normativity and historicity in Islamic studies and evaluates how both approaches can complement each other in academic analysis. Employing a mixed-methods design, this research combines quantitative survey data from 210 respondents across Islamic universities in Indonesia with qualitative insights from interviews with 12 Islamic studies scholars. The findings suggest a growing awareness among academics of the need to bridge textual analysis with historical contextualization. Nonetheless, institutional curricula and epistemological orientations still tend to privilege normative models, particularly in faculties of sharia and theology. The study proposes a multidimensional framework that acknowledges the legitimacy of both the normative and historical lenses while advocating for methodological pluralism in Islamic scholarship. This framework aims to enhance the relevance, critical depth, and global competitiveness of Islamic studies programs in Indonesia.