Ekonomika Perlindungan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan: Pencemaran SDAL
Abstract
The degradation of natural resources and environmental pollution remains a pressing concern for sustainable development, especially in resource-rich developing countries like Indonesia. This study aims to examine the economic dynamics of environmental protection and its relationship with natural resource pollution (SDAL—Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan). Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines statistical analysis of environmental cost and pollution data from five provinces over a five-year period with qualitative interviews involving 15 policy makers, environmental economists, and community stakeholders. The findings reveal that the economic valuation of environmental damage is often underestimated in regional development planning. Pollution, particularly from extractive and manufacturing industries, imposes high social costs that are not reflected in current market mechanisms or policy instruments. Moreover, local communities experience disproportionate burdens without corresponding compensatory schemes. The study underscores the importance of integrating environmental valuation tools such as Pigovian taxation, green accounting, and cost-benefit analysis into policy formulation. Recommendations include strengthening institutional frameworks, enhancing environmental governance, and incentivizing sustainable industrial practices. This research contributes to the broader discourse on ecological economics by advocating for a paradigm that internalizes environmental costs and aligns economic policies with long-term ecological sustainability.
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