KOPERASI SYARIAH: PRINSIP DASAR, BENTUK, DAN TANTANGAN PENGEMBANGAN DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Sharia cooperative is a microfinance institution based on Islamic economic principles and plays a crucial role in promoting financial inclusion among Muslim communities in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the fundamental principles of sharia cooperatives, classify the institutional forms developed, and analyze the challenges faced in their development. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review and in-depth interviews with cooperative managers in five provinces. The findings reveal that sharia cooperatives are grounded on principles of tawhid (monotheism), justice, consultation, and prohibition of usury (riba). Institutional forms vary, including BMTs (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil), Sharia Savings and Loan Cooperatives (KSPPS), and multi-purpose cooperatives operating under sharia principles. The main challenges in developing sharia cooperatives include fragmented regulatory frameworks, low Islamic financial literacy, limited capital, and weak internal supervision. This study contributes to policymakers and cooperative practitioners in strengthening governance and expanding sustainable sharia cooperative outreach.
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