FI'IL MADHI

Abstract

This study examines fi‘il maḍi as a fundamental element in Arabic grammar that functions to indicate actions or events that occurred in the past. The purpose of this research is to analyze the definition, characteristics, forms and patterns, functions, and learning implications of fi‘il maḍi in Arabic language education. The research employs a library research method by reviewing various primary and secondary sources, including classical books of nahwu and ṣarf, Arabic language textbooks, and relevant scholarly journal articles. The data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach by classifying concepts and uses of fi‘il maḍi based on established linguistic theories. The findings indicate that fi‘il maḍi not only serves as a marker of past tense but also carries semantic and rhetorical meanings such as emphasis and certainty, particularly in the Qur’an and Hadith texts. The diversity of forms and patterns of fi‘il maḍi reflects the richness of Arabic morphological systems and directly affects differences in meaning. Furthermore, mastery of fi‘il maḍi plays a strategic role in improving students’ reading skills, text comprehension, and interpretation of Arabic texts comprehensively. Therefore, fi‘il maḍi is a crucial foundational component in Arabic grammar learning and should be taught through a contextual and systematic approach.